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The UAPA’s Kafkaesque Framework: ‘Special’ Law’s Mockery of Procedure

“Each person possesses an inviolability founded on justice that even the welfare of society as a whole cannot override.” John Rawls, A Theory of Justice. Introduction The recent attack at Pahalgam and the counter-response has brought the discourse around counter-terror to the forefront. Counter-terror response has two phases: apprehension or neutralisation, followed by the second, […]

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Collapse of the Bail Gate: How the Delhi High Court Misapplied Section 43D UAPA and Conflated Protest with Conspiracy in Sharjeel Imam v. State of NCT of Delhi

Introduction The legal stakes of bail-stage review under special statutes are both simple and profound. Bail is the portal through which liberty can be preserved in pending adjudication special statutes understandably designed to confront the most serious threats to state security narrow that portal. The narrower it is made to be by statute and judicial

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CRIMINALIZING COERCIVE CONTROL: THE MISSING PIECE IN INDIA’S CONSTITUTIONAL PROMISE TO WOMEN

Introduction In India today, women are often punished for exercising the very freedoms the Constitution promises them. From choosing to live independently, earning their own income, expressing themselves on digital platforms, or rejecting forced relationships, women who assert autonomy frequently face threats, harassment, social isolation, or even death. These acts of violence are often framed

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The Right to ‘Know’ v. The Right to say ‘No’: Who Wins This Privacy Face-off?

Introduction The Right to Information (“RTI”) Act, 2005, born out of grassroots struggles, remains a cornerstone of transparency and accountability in India. It gave citizens a powerful statutory tool to hold public authorities answerable. The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023, however, threatens to weaken this achievement by broadening privacy-based exemptions that can obstruct legitimate

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Daivshala v. Oriental Insurance Company – Another Feather in the Cap of Theory of Notional Extension

Introduction The theory of notional extension occupies a central position in labour law. Recently, in the noteworthy judgment of Daivshala & Ors v. Oriental Insurance Company & Anr., 2025 INSC 904 (“Daivshala”), the Supreme Court has expanded the contours of this theory and observed that the phrase, “accident arising out of and in course of

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Liability in the Age of AI: Examining Legal Accountability for AI-Induced Harm

By far, the greatest danger of Artificial Intelligence is that people conclude too early that they understand it. – Bernard Marr Introduction In a recent occurrence, the Global Positioning System (GPS), an artificial intelligence (AI) tool used for conveniently navigating directions, led to the death of three people when their car plunged into the Ramganga River

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Strengthening IP Protection for 3D-Printed Designs in India

Introduction The 3-Dimensional (“3D”) printer was developed around forty years back, originally for industrial purposes. However, with continuous advancements, not only has this technology become much more accessible but also cost-effective. Recent developments in India showcase its expanding utility among numerous sectors, ranging from production of weapons, construction of luxury villas, and establishment of post

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Rethinking the Doctrine of Equivalence: Why Crystal Crop v Safex Risks Undermining the Gains of FMC v Natco

Introduction What happens when someone copies the heart of your invention, but has evaded liability by omitting a component that, while mentioned in the patent claim, is functionally irrelevant? Crystal Crop v Safex risks allowing precisely that. In FMC v Natco, the Delhi High Court took a meaningful step forward in how it thinks about

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Overworked and Unprotected: The Legal Vacuum Around Working Hours in India’s Corporate Sector

Introduction A young IT professional who graduated from one of the most prestigious institutes, IISc Bangalore, decided to take his own life amid the myriad stresses he was facing at work.  The colleagues claimed that Nikhil was faced with an overload of work since two of the teammates left the team and were confronted with

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Employment Bonds: Contractual Cuffs or Commercial Necessity

Introduction In the corporate sphere, talent is both an asset and a strategic investment. Companies invest considerably in training employees to enhance competitiveness, yet attrition and premature exit result in losses in productivity, continuity, and training costs to the employer. To mitigate this, organisations often use employment bonds, requiring employees to serve for a minimum

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