Constitutional Law

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RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION V. RELIGIOUS EDUCATION: UNANSWERED QUESTIONS IN ANJUM KADARI – Part II

The mistake committed in Anjum Kadari The SC discussed secularism in the constitutional context, and Article 28(1).[1] It cited Aruna Roy, and DAV College to lay down a distinction between ‘religious instruction’ and ‘religious education’.[2] It stated that Article 28(1) does not prohibit imparting ‘religious education’.[3] Additionally, it relied on St. Xavier’s to declare that […]

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RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION V. RELIGIOUS EDUCATION: UNANSWERED QUESTIONS IN ANJUM KADARI – Part I

Introduction The Supreme Court (“SC”), in Anjum Kadari v. Union of India (“Anjum Kadari”), upheld the constitutionality of the Uttar Pradesh Board of Madarsa Education Act 2004 (“Act”), overturning the decision by the Allahabad High Court (“HC”) in Anshuman Singh Rathore v. Union of India (“Anshuman Rathore”) which had found the Act violative of Article

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Regulating The Transit Of Acacia Catechu Timber In Maharashtra: A Legal And Policy Analysis Of The 2025 Notification Under The Maharashtra Forest Rules, 2014

Introduction On March 25, 2025, the Government of Maharashtra introduced a significant regulatory shift by notifying Acacia Catechu timber, with a girth exceeding twenty-five centimetres at its thickest part, as a regulated species under Rule 37 of the Maharashtra Forest Rules, 2014. This notification makes it mandatory for timber of this species transiting into Maharashtra

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REINFORCING CONSTITUTIONAL BOUNDARIES: A LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE SUPREME COURT’S VERDICT IN STATE OF TAMIL NADU V. GOVERNOR OF TAMIL NADU

Introduction The Indian Constitution delineates a federal structure where both the Union and State governments operate within their respective domains. The role of the Governor, as the constitutional head of a state, is pivotal in maintaining this balance. However, the recent standoff between the Tamil Nadu government and Governor R.N. Ravi, culminating in the Supreme

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BEYOND ECONOMIC CAPITAL : A MULTIDIMENSIONAL FRAMEWORK OF DETERMINING BACKWARDNESS WITH OBCs: Part II

HOW TO DETERMINE BACKWARDNESS ? Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of capital throws light on a distinct way to the understanding of class and social stratification by emphasizing a multidimensional approach. He argues that an individual’s class location is shaped not merely by economic factors but by the interplay of four types of capital: economic, cultural, social,

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BEYOND ECONOMIC CAPITAL : A MULTIDIMENSIONAL FRAMEWORK OF DETERMINING BACKWARDNESS WITH OBCs: Part 1

INTRODUCTION The Supreme Court’s decision in State of Punjab v. Davinder Singh was a defining moment in the evolution of India’s affirmative action framework. By upholding sub-categorization within Scheduled Castes, the Court dismantled the assumption of homogeneity among marginalized groups. Instead, it acknowledged the stark hierarchies and inequities within these communities, paving the way for

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A Case for Reservation on Economic Basis

Introduction Recently, in a poll conducted by Reuters, experts and policy makers expressed their low confidence in the possibility of India tackling its mushrooming economic inequality any time soon, despite the ‘roaring GDP growth.’[1] The poll has brought to the notice, the need to take concrete steps to reduce the economic inequality in the country.

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Inclusive Futures: Surrogacy, Single Women And Constitutional Dynamics

Introduction The concept of “surrogacy” outlines the process where a woman carries and delivers a child on behalf of another couple, thereafter giving back the child to the intended parents after birth. Within the context of family dynamics and reproductive rights, the debate over the legalisation of surrogacy for single women in countries like India

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Uganda’s LGBTQ Legislation: A Step Backward in the Modern World

Introduction Uganda is widely recognized for its strict views on sexuality and intolerance towards homosexuality. Recently, Uganda’s Constitutional Court rejected a petition against the Anti-Homosexuality Act, 2023, which is considered to be one of the world’s harshest anti-LGBTQ laws. It is critical to raise awareness about this problem for the benefit of Uganda’s LGBTQ+ population

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Electoral Bonds case: An Analysis of its contributions to the Test of Arbitrariness

Abstract The arbitrariness test and its application have been a continuously evolving area of jurisprudence with each case contributing differently to the idea. The judgements between the Mcdowell case to before the Shayara Bano case have been different from each other. None of the judgements have relied much on the previous judgements. Furthermore, there have

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